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Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)

Living with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) can be a complex and often challenging experience for many women. PCOS not only brings physical symptoms like irregular periods and weight gain, but it also can impact a woman's chances of starting a family.

Learn what PCOS is, its symptoms, causes, and the treatment options women can consider to improve their chances of conception.

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)

Living with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) can be a complex and often challenging experience for many women. PCOS not only brings physical symptoms like irregular periods and weight gain, but it also can impact a woman's chances of starting a family.

Learn what PCOS is, its symptoms, causes, and the treatment options women can consider to improve their chances of conception.

What is Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)?

PCOS is a condition in women that is characterised by an imbalance in reproductive hormones, affecting how their ovaries work. In PCOS, the ovaries may develop multiple small, fluid-filled follicles that fail to release eggs regularly, leading to issues with menstruation and ovulation. Irregular or absent ovulation makes it challenging for women with PCOS to conceive, as ovulation is essential for fertilisation to occur.

Furthermore, hormonal imbalances associated with PCOS can further interfere with the menstrual cycle, reducing the chances of pregnancy. Without regular ovulation, the likelihood of conception decreases, leading many women with PCOS to seek medical treatments to help regulate their cycles and improve fertility.

Symptoms of PCOS

PCOS symptoms can vary widely from one woman to another. The most common symptoms include:

Irregular or Absent
Menstrual Periods

PCOS often leads to missed or infrequent periods due to irregular ovulation.

Excessive Hair Growth

Hirsutism, or excess hair on the face, chest, and back, is common due to high androgen levels.

Acne and Oily Skin

Androgens can trigger more severe acne, especially along the jawline and back.

Weight Gain

Many women with PCOS may experience weight gain and difficulty losing.

Hair Thinning

Thinning hair on the scalp is also linked to androgen levels.

Difficulty Conceiving

Since PCOS affects ovulation, it can make it harder for women to become pregnant naturally.

Mood Changes

Anxiety and depression are common among women with PCOS, often due to hormonal imbalances and the effects on appearance.

Causes of PCOS

Diagnosing PCOS

Diagnosing PCOS can involve several steps. A healthcare provider typically uses the Rotterdam criteria, which requires at least two of the following three features for diagnosis:

Blood tests are done to rule out other medical conditions that can present similar symptoms, such as thyroid disorders or elevated prolactin levels.

Treatment Options for PCOS

PCOS treatment focuses on managing symptoms and can be tailored based on individual goals, such as improving fertility, managing acne or hirsutism, or regulating menstrual cycles.

Surgical

Surgery is not a primary treatment for PCOS but may be considered in cases where other treatments have not been effective.

Non-Surgical

When to See a Doctor

See a doctor and get checked for PCOS if you experience any of the following:
An accurate diagnosis and prompt treatment can lower the risk of complications, helping manage PCOS symptoms effectively.

PCOS Treatment in Singapore

Frequently Asked Questions

Can PCOS be cured?
No, PCOS cannot be cured, as it is a chronic condition. However, its symptoms can be managed with lifestyle changes, medications, and sometimes, fertility treatments. With proper management, many women with PCOS live healthy, symptom-free lives.
Currently, there isn’t a proven way to prevent PCOS. This is because the exact causes of the condition likely involve a combination of genetic, hormonal, and lifestyle factors. However, while PCOS itself may not be preventable, practising healthy lifestyle habits can help reduce the risk of developing severe symptoms or complications associated with the condition.
Yes, many women with PCOS have healthy pregnancies, although they may be at higher risk for complications like gestational diabetes and preeclampsia. Regular prenatal care and lifestyle adjustments can help ensure a healthy pregnancy.
No, PCOS and ovarian cysts are not the same. While “polycystic” refers to the presence of multiple small follicles in the ovaries, these are not true ovarian cysts. Ovarian cysts are larger, fluid-filled sacs that can develop for various reasons and may require different treatments.
Yes, PCOS is linked to several other health conditions, including: